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Brassica oleracea (Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts, Broccoli,
Kohlrabi, Cauliflower, Kale)
[= Brassica cretica, Brassica insularis, Brassica rupestris]
(Life; Embryophyta (plants); Angiospermae (flowering
plants); Eudicotyledons; Order: Brassicales; Family: Brassicaceae; Genus: Brassica)
Wild Brassica oleracea is indigenous to the Atlantic seaboard of Europe (e.g.
coastlines of Britain and the Bay of Biscay) and the Mediterranean basin. Six
main vegetables have been derived from this wild stock through selection of favourable
cultivars by people:
It is thought that one of the reasons it has been possible for people to produce
so many vegetables from this one species is because it is geographically diverse
so that there is a great genetic diversity from which one can draw favourable
attributes through selective breeding.
Use of Brassica oleracea can be traced back to Greek and Roman times, at least
2500 years ago. The Greeks were using non-heading Kale-like varieties. The Romans
in addition were using a loose-headed cabbage as well as a possible precursor
to broccoli. However, it is only from about 1600 onwards that the main varieties
(except Brussels Sprouts) are clearly referred to in writings.
Brussels Sprouts only started being eaten by the English in the 19th century although
its origins go back earlier in continental Europe. Modern day cultivars of Brassica
oleracea have been produced that are more pest resistant and which have solid
heads that can withstand mechanical harvesting, shipment and storage.
The various forms of Brassica oleracea are mainly cooked or used in salad. Pickled
cabbage, known usually as sauerkraut, is a way of cooking cabbage that was introduced
to Europe by the Tartars. The pickling process does not destroy the Vitamin C
and pickled cabbage was used by the Dutch and British colonists as a defense against
scurvy and was also important to the health of Europeans living through long winters.
Captain Cook kept his crews healthy on pickled cabbage.
Nutritional info:
Vitamins A, B, C, E and K
Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc
Carotene, Chlorophyll
Amino Acids
Trace Elements
Antioxidants
Protein: 35%
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Scientific Name: Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group)
| Nutrient |
Units |
Value per
100 grams of
edible portion |
Sample
Count |
Std.
Error |
| Proximates |
|
|
|
|
| Water |
g |
92.15 |
62 |
0.258 |
| Energy |
kcal |
25 |
0 |
|
| Energy |
kj |
105 |
0 |
|
| Protein |
g |
1.44 |
7 |
0.253 |
| Total lipid (fat) |
g |
0.27 |
6 |
0.104 |
| Ash |
g |
0.71 |
28 |
0.021 |
| Carbohydrate, by difference |
g |
5.43 |
0 |
|
| Fiber, total dietary |
g |
2.3 |
0 |
|
| Minerals |
|
|
|
|
| Calcium, Ca |
mg |
47 |
37 |
2.322 |
| Iron, Fe |
mg |
0.59 |
30 |
0.149 |
| Magnesium, Mg |
mg |
15 |
38 |
1.621 |
| Phosphorus, P |
mg |
23 |
35 |
1.589 |
| Potassium, K |
mg |
246 |
30 |
9.164 |
| Sodium, Na |
mg |
18 |
46 |
1.651 |
| Zinc, Zn |
mg |
0.18 |
39 |
0.010 |
| Copper, Cu |
mg |
0.023 |
49 |
0.001 |
| Manganese, Mn |
mg |
0.159 |
35 |
0.016 |
| Selenium, Se |
mcg |
0.9 |
6 |
0.318 |
| Vitamins |
|
|
|
|
| Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid |
mg |
32.2 |
19 |
4.147 |
| Thiamin |
mg |
0.050 |
2 |
|
| Riboflavin |
mg |
0.040 |
2 |
|
| Niacin |
mg |
0.300 |
2 |
|
| Pantothenic acid |
mg |
0.140 |
6 |
0.005 |
| Vitamin B-6 |
mg |
0.096 |
2 |
|
| Folate, total |
mcg |
43 |
19 |
7.223 |
| Folic acid |
mcg |
0 |
0 |
|
| Folate, food |
mcg |
43 |
19 |
7.223 |
| Folate, DFE |
mcg_DFE |
43 |
0 |
|
| Vitamin B-12 |
mcg |
0.00 |
0 |
|
| Vitamin A, IU |
IU |
133 |
9 |
20.102 |
| Retinol |
mcg |
0 |
0 |
|
| Vitamin A, RAE |
mcg_RAE |
7 |
9 |
1.005 |
| Vitamin E |
mg_ATE |
0.105 |
0 |
|
| Lipids |
|
|
|
|
| Fatty acids, total saturated |
g |
0.033 |
0 |
|
| 4:0 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 6:0 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 8:0 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 10:0 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 12:0 |
g |
0.001 |
0 |
|
| 14:0 |
g |
0.001 |
0 |
|
| 16:0 |
g |
0.029 |
0 |
|
| 18:0 |
g |
0.001 |
0 |
|
| Fatty acids, total monounsaturated |
g |
0.019 |
0 |
|
| 16:1 undifferentiated |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 18:1 undifferentiated |
g |
0.019 |
0 |
|
| 20:1 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 22:1 undifferentiated |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated |
g |
0.122 |
0 |
|
| 18:2 undifferentiated |
g |
0.052 |
0 |
|
| 18:3 undifferentiated |
g |
0.068 |
0 |
|
| 18:4 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 20:4 undifferentiated |
g |
0.001 |
0 |
|
| 20:5 n-3 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 22:5 n-3 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| 22:6 n-3 |
g |
0.000 |
0 |
|
| Cholesterol |
mg |
0 |
0 |
|
| Phytosterols |
mg |
11 |
1 |
|
| Amino acids |
|
|
|
|
| Tryptophan |
g |
0.015 |
0 |
|
| Threonine |
g |
0.049 |
0 |
|
| Isoleucine |
g |
0.072 |
0 |
|
| Leucine |
g |
0.073 |
0 |
|
| Lysine |
g |
0.067 |
0 |
|
| Methionine |
g |
0.014 |
0 |
|
| Cystine |
g |
0.012 |
0 |
|
| Phenylalanine |
g |
0.045 |
0 |
|
| Tyrosine |
g |
0.024 |
0 |
|
| Valine |
g |
0.061 |
0 |
|
| Arginine |
g |
0.081 |
0 |
|
| Histidine |
g |
0.029 |
0 |
|
| Alanine |
g |
0.050 |
0 |
|
| Aspartic acid |
g |
0.140 |
0 |
|
| Glutamic acid |
g |
0.316 |
0 |
|
| Glycine |
g |
0.032 |
0 |
|
| Proline |
g |
0.279 |
0 |
|
| Serine |
g |
0.083 |
0 |
|
USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release
15 (August 2002)
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